Ḥarb al-Ma‘lūmāt: Geopolítica de los canales de información árabes después de las sublevaciones de 2011

Las sublevaciones populares en la región de Medio Oriente representaron un momento de cambio político en todos los países árabes tanto a nivel nacional como en términos de equilibrio en la geopolítica regional. En el análisis de estos eventos se dio particular relevancia a la agencia de medios de comunicaciones tradicionales y digitales. El canal satelital Al Jazeera en árabe jugó un papel relevante en la propagación de las protestas en diferentes países de la región, tanto por su extensa cobertura de los acontecimientos como por la credibilidad que había ganado entre la población desde su fundación en 1996. Pero la posición del canal respecto a las protestas, y el uso de diferentes enfoques según el país, lo llevaron a perder una parte imp... Ver más

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Jones, M. (2017). Hacking, bots and information wars in the Qatar spat, in The Qatar Crisis. Pomeps Briefing, 31.
Painter, J. (2008). Counter-Hegemonic News: A Case Study of Al-Jazeera English and Telesur. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, University of Oxford.
Nye, J. (2004). Soft power: The means to success in world politics. Public Affairs.
Nye, J. (1990). Soft power. Foreign Policy, 80.
Matar, D. y Achcar, G. (2012). Arab uprisings: Geopolitics, strategies and adjustment. Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication, 5, 7-14.
Lahlali, M. (2011). Contemporary Arab Broadcast Media. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Lynch, M. (2005). Voices of the New Arab Public: Iraq, Al-Jazeera, and Middle East Politics Today. New York: Columbia University Press.
Kupchan, F. (2012). No One’s World: The West, the Rising Rest, and the Coming Global Turn. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kraidy, M. (2002). Arab satellite television between regionalization and globalization. Global Media Journal, 1 (Issue 1).
Khatib, L. (2013). Qatar foreign policy: The limits of pragmatism. International Affairs, 89 (2), 417-431.
Jones, A., Kovacich, G. y Luzwick, A. (2002). Global Information Warfare: How Businesses, Governments, and Others Achieve Objectives and Attain Competitive Advantages. Auerbach Publications.
Powers, S. (2009). The geopolitics of the news: The case of the Al Jazeera network. Doctoral dissertation. University of Southern California.
Hashem, A. (2012, 3 de abril). The Arab Spring has shaken Arab TV’s credibility. The Guardian. Recuperado de http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/apr/03/arab-spring-arabtv-credibility
Gilboa, E. (2005). The CNN Effect: The Search for a Communication Theory of International Relations. Political Communication, 22 (1), 27-44.
Figenschou, T. (2014). Al-Jazeera and the global media landscape: The South is talking back. London - New York: Routledge.
Fahmy, S. y Wanta, W. (2012). Mediated public diplomacy: Satellite TV news in the Arab world and perception effects. International Communication Gazzette, 74 (Issue 8).
Erdbrink, T. (2011, 14 de mayo). Al Jazeera TV network draws criticism, praise for coverage of Arab revolutions. The Washington Post. Recuperado de https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/al-jazeera-tv-network-draws-criticism-praise-forcoverage-of-arab-revolutions/2011/05/08/AFo-HWs2G_story.html?utm_term=.40c2266389c5
El-Nawawy, M. y Powers, S. (2009). News influence and the global media sphere: A case study of Al-Jazeera english, in Allan The Routledge Companion to news and journalism. London - New York: Routledge.
Di Ricco, M. (2012). The arab spring is a Latin American winter: TeleSUR’s ‘Ideological Approach’ and the breakaway from the Al-Jazeera network. Global Media Journal, 2 (1).
Dennis, E., Martin J. y Wood, R. (2017). Media use in the middle east 2017: A seven-nation survey. Qatar: Northwestern University.
Cull, N. (2009). Diplomacia pública: consideraciones teóricas. Revista Mexicana de Política Exterior, 85.
Pala, O. y Aras, B. (2015). Practical geopolitical reasoning in the turkish and qatari foreign policy on the Arab Spring. Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 17 (3), 286-302.
Powers, S. y Gilboa (2007). The Public Diplomacy of Al Jazeera. En Seib, P. (ed.), New Media and the New Middle East. US: Palgrave Macmillan US.
Bruce, M. (2014). Framing Arab Spring conflict: A visual analysis of coverage on five transnational arab news channels. Journal of Middle East Media, 10, 1.
Xie, S. y Boyd-Barrett, O. (2015). External-National TV News Networks’ Way to America: Is the United States Losing the Global “Information War”? International Journal of Communication, 9, 66-83.
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UNESCO (1980). El informe MacBride: un mundo, muchas voces - Comunicación y sociedad, hoy y mañana. México: FCE.
Roberts, D. (2017). Qatar, the Ikhwan, and transnational relations in the Gulf, in The Qatar Crisis. Pomeps Briefing, 31.
The Economist (2013, 12 de enero). Al Jazeera: Must Do Better. Recuperado de http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21569429-arabs-premier-television-network-bids-americanviewers-must-do-better
Telhami, S. (2011). The 2011 Arab Public Opinion Poll. Maryland University.
Schleifer, A. (2013, 21 de agosto). How Al Jazeera skews its coverage of Egypt. Al Arabiya English. Recuperado de https://english.alarabiya.net/en/views/media/2013/08/21/How-Al-Jazeeraskews- its-coverage-of-Egypt.html Sultan, N. (2013). Al Jazeera: Reflections on the Arab Spring. Journal of Arabian Studies: Arabia, the Gulf, and the Red Sea, 3 (2), 249-264.
Seib, P. (2009) News and Foreign Policy: Defining Influence, Balancing power, in Allan The Routledge Companion to news and journalism. London - New York: Routledge.
Seib, P. (1997). Headline Diplomacy: How News Coverage Affects Foreign Policy. Westport: Praeger.
Samuel-Azran, T. (2013). Al-Jazeera, Qatar, and new tactics in state-sponsored media diplomacy. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(9), 1293-1311.
Salloukh, B. F. (2013). The Arab Uprisings and the Geopolitics of the Middle East. The International Spectator, 48 (2), 32-46.
Salama, V. (2012, 20 de mayo). AlJazeera’s (r)evolution? Jadaliyya. Recuperado de http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/5610/aljazeeras(r)evolution
Robertson, A. (2015). Global News. Reporting Conflicts and Cosmopolitanism. New York: Peter Lang.
Cherkaoui, T. (2014). Al Jazeera’s Changing Editorial Perspectives and the Saudi-Qatari Relationship. The Political Economy of Communication, 2 (1).
Cerami, C. (2013). Rethinking turkey’s soft power in the arab world: Islam, secularism, and democracy. Journal of Levantine Studies, 3 (2), 129-150.
Booth, R. (2010). WikiLeaks cables claim al-Jazeera changed coverage to suit Qatari foreign policy. The Guardian. Recuperado de https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/dec/05/wikileakscables-al-jazeera-qatari-foreign-policy
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/view/5329
Las sublevaciones populares en la región de Medio Oriente representaron un momento de cambio político en todos los países árabes tanto a nivel nacional como en términos de equilibrio en la geopolítica regional. En el análisis de estos eventos se dio particular relevancia a la agencia de medios de comunicaciones tradicionales y digitales. El canal satelital Al Jazeera en árabe jugó un papel relevante en la propagación de las protestas en diferentes países de la región, tanto por su extensa cobertura de los acontecimientos como por la credibilidad que había ganado entre la población desde su fundación en 1996. Pero la posición del canal respecto a las protestas, y el uso de diferentes enfoques según el país, lo llevaron a perder una parte importante de su audiencia. Por esta razón las sublevaciones, además de ciertos cambios geopolíticos relevantes, llevaron a una reconfiguración del ecosistema mediático de la región, con el establecimiento de nuevos medios informativos y la conformación de un espacio donde diferentes canales de información satelital, en su gran mayoría vinculados con países o actores políticos de la región, lucharon para promocionar su visión sobre los acontecimientos políticos en Medio Oriente. Esa condición ha llevado a la configuración de una nueva geopolítica de la información, en estrecha relación con los equilibrios de poder cambiantes a nivel de política regional. La reflexión sobre la relación entre geopolítica e información abre interrogantes acerca del futuro rol de estos canales como herramientas de política exterior de los principales actores en las disputas geopolíticas.
Di Rico, Massimo
canales de información satelital
poder blando
Primavera Árabe
geopolítica de los medios
diplomacia pública.
27
Núm. 27 , Año 2018 : Enero-Junio
Artículo de revista
text/html
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Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales
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Ayish, M. (2002). Political communication on Arab world television: Evolving patterns. Political Communication, 19, 137-154.
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Aras, B y Yorulmazlar, E. (2016). State, region and order: geopolitics of the Arab Spring. Third World Quarterly, 37 (12).
Antwi-Boateng, O. (2013). The rise of Qatar as a soft power and the challenges. European Scientific Journal, 2 (Special Edition).
Al Qassemi SS (2013,12 de julio). Al Jazeera’s awful week. Foreign Policy. Recuperado de http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/07/11/al_jazeera_egypt_qatar_mu
Al Qassemi, S. (2012b, 2 de agosto). Breaking the Arab News. Foreign Policy. Recuperado de http://foreignpolicy.com/2012/08/02/breaking-thearab-news/
Al Qassemi S. (2012a, 1 de julio). Morsi’s win is Al Jazeera’s loss. Al Monitor. Recuperado de http://www.almonitor.com/pulse/originals/2012/almonitor/morsyswinisal jazeerasloss.html
Al Arabiya English (2013,9 de julio). ‘We aired lies’: Al Jazeera staff quit over ‘misleading’ Egypt coverage. Recuperado de https://english.alarabiya.net/en/media/2013/07/09/Al-Jazeera-employees-in-Egypt-quit-over-editorial-line-.html
Abdelmoula, E. (2015). Al Jazeera and democratization: the rise of the Arab public sphere. London and New York: Routledge.
Al Abdeh, M. (2012, 4 de octubre). The Media War in Syria. Majalla Magazine. Recuperado de http://eng.majalla.com/2012/10/article55234370/themedia-war-in-syria
Arab Spring
The popular uprisings in the Middle East represented a moment of change in all Arab countries both at the national level and in terms of the regional geopolitical balance. In the analysis of these events particular importance was given to the influence of traditional and new digital media. The satellite news channel Al Jazeera in Arabic played an important role in the propagation of the uprising in the different countries of the region, both for its extensive coverage of the events, as well as for the credibility it had gained among the population since its establishment in 1996. But the position of the channel regarding the protests, and the use of different approaches according to the country, led it to lose an important part of its audience. For this reason, the upheavals, as well as the relevant geopolitical changes, also led to a reconfiguration of the region’s media ecosystem, with the establishment of new media and a more heterogeneous space where different satellite news channels, mainly linked to countries or political actors in the region, struggle to promote their views to an Arab audience. This new condition has led to the configuration of a new geopolitics of the information, parallel to the changing power balances at political level. A reflection on the relationship between geopolitics and information opens questions about the future role of these channels as foreign policy tools of the main actors in the geopolitical disputes.
Satellite news channels
soft power
geopolitics of the media
Journal article
public diplomacy.
H.arb al-Ma‘lūmāt: geopolitics of the Arab Information Channels After the Uprisings of 2011
2346-2132
87
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/5329/6511
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title Ḥarb al-Ma‘lūmāt: Geopolítica de los canales de información árabes después de las sublevaciones de 2011
spellingShingle Ḥarb al-Ma‘lūmāt: Geopolítica de los canales de información árabes después de las sublevaciones de 2011
Di Rico, Massimo
canales de información satelital
poder blando
Primavera Árabe
geopolítica de los medios
diplomacia pública.
Arab Spring
Satellite news channels
soft power
geopolitics of the media
public diplomacy.
title_short Ḥarb al-Ma‘lūmāt: Geopolítica de los canales de información árabes después de las sublevaciones de 2011
title_full Ḥarb al-Ma‘lūmāt: Geopolítica de los canales de información árabes después de las sublevaciones de 2011
title_fullStr Ḥarb al-Ma‘lūmāt: Geopolítica de los canales de información árabes después de las sublevaciones de 2011
title_full_unstemmed Ḥarb al-Ma‘lūmāt: Geopolítica de los canales de información árabes después de las sublevaciones de 2011
title_sort ḥarb al-ma‘lūmāt: geopolítica de los canales de información árabes después de las sublevaciones de 2011
title_eng H.arb al-Ma‘lūmāt: geopolitics of the Arab Information Channels After the Uprisings of 2011
description Las sublevaciones populares en la región de Medio Oriente representaron un momento de cambio político en todos los países árabes tanto a nivel nacional como en términos de equilibrio en la geopolítica regional. En el análisis de estos eventos se dio particular relevancia a la agencia de medios de comunicaciones tradicionales y digitales. El canal satelital Al Jazeera en árabe jugó un papel relevante en la propagación de las protestas en diferentes países de la región, tanto por su extensa cobertura de los acontecimientos como por la credibilidad que había ganado entre la población desde su fundación en 1996. Pero la posición del canal respecto a las protestas, y el uso de diferentes enfoques según el país, lo llevaron a perder una parte importante de su audiencia. Por esta razón las sublevaciones, además de ciertos cambios geopolíticos relevantes, llevaron a una reconfiguración del ecosistema mediático de la región, con el establecimiento de nuevos medios informativos y la conformación de un espacio donde diferentes canales de información satelital, en su gran mayoría vinculados con países o actores políticos de la región, lucharon para promocionar su visión sobre los acontecimientos políticos en Medio Oriente. Esa condición ha llevado a la configuración de una nueva geopolítica de la información, en estrecha relación con los equilibrios de poder cambiantes a nivel de política regional. La reflexión sobre la relación entre geopolítica e información abre interrogantes acerca del futuro rol de estos canales como herramientas de política exterior de los principales actores en las disputas geopolíticas.
description_eng The popular uprisings in the Middle East represented a moment of change in all Arab countries both at the national level and in terms of the regional geopolitical balance. In the analysis of these events particular importance was given to the influence of traditional and new digital media. The satellite news channel Al Jazeera in Arabic played an important role in the propagation of the uprising in the different countries of the region, both for its extensive coverage of the events, as well as for the credibility it had gained among the population since its establishment in 1996. But the position of the channel regarding the protests, and the use of different approaches according to the country, led it to lose an important part of its audience. For this reason, the upheavals, as well as the relevant geopolitical changes, also led to a reconfiguration of the region’s media ecosystem, with the establishment of new media and a more heterogeneous space where different satellite news channels, mainly linked to countries or political actors in the region, struggle to promote their views to an Arab audience. This new condition has led to the configuration of a new geopolitics of the information, parallel to the changing power balances at political level. A reflection on the relationship between geopolitics and information opens questions about the future role of these channels as foreign policy tools of the main actors in the geopolitical disputes.
author Di Rico, Massimo
author_facet Di Rico, Massimo
topicspa_str_mv canales de información satelital
poder blando
Primavera Árabe
geopolítica de los medios
diplomacia pública.
topic canales de información satelital
poder blando
Primavera Árabe
geopolítica de los medios
diplomacia pública.
Arab Spring
Satellite news channels
soft power
geopolitics of the media
public diplomacy.
topic_facet canales de información satelital
poder blando
Primavera Árabe
geopolítica de los medios
diplomacia pública.
Arab Spring
Satellite news channels
soft power
geopolitics of the media
public diplomacy.
citationissue 27
citationedition Núm. 27 , Año 2018 : Enero-Junio
publisher Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales
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references Jones, M. (2017). Hacking, bots and information wars in the Qatar spat, in The Qatar Crisis. Pomeps Briefing, 31.
Painter, J. (2008). Counter-Hegemonic News: A Case Study of Al-Jazeera English and Telesur. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, University of Oxford.
Nye, J. (2004). Soft power: The means to success in world politics. Public Affairs.
Nye, J. (1990). Soft power. Foreign Policy, 80.
Matar, D. y Achcar, G. (2012). Arab uprisings: Geopolitics, strategies and adjustment. Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication, 5, 7-14.
Lahlali, M. (2011). Contemporary Arab Broadcast Media. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Lynch, M. (2005). Voices of the New Arab Public: Iraq, Al-Jazeera, and Middle East Politics Today. New York: Columbia University Press.
Kupchan, F. (2012). No One’s World: The West, the Rising Rest, and the Coming Global Turn. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kraidy, M. (2002). Arab satellite television between regionalization and globalization. Global Media Journal, 1 (Issue 1).
Khatib, L. (2013). Qatar foreign policy: The limits of pragmatism. International Affairs, 89 (2), 417-431.
Jones, A., Kovacich, G. y Luzwick, A. (2002). Global Information Warfare: How Businesses, Governments, and Others Achieve Objectives and Attain Competitive Advantages. Auerbach Publications.
Powers, S. (2009). The geopolitics of the news: The case of the Al Jazeera network. Doctoral dissertation. University of Southern California.
Hashem, A. (2012, 3 de abril). The Arab Spring has shaken Arab TV’s credibility. The Guardian. Recuperado de http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/apr/03/arab-spring-arabtv-credibility
Gilboa, E. (2005). The CNN Effect: The Search for a Communication Theory of International Relations. Political Communication, 22 (1), 27-44.
Figenschou, T. (2014). Al-Jazeera and the global media landscape: The South is talking back. London - New York: Routledge.
Fahmy, S. y Wanta, W. (2012). Mediated public diplomacy: Satellite TV news in the Arab world and perception effects. International Communication Gazzette, 74 (Issue 8).
Erdbrink, T. (2011, 14 de mayo). Al Jazeera TV network draws criticism, praise for coverage of Arab revolutions. The Washington Post. Recuperado de https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/al-jazeera-tv-network-draws-criticism-praise-forcoverage-of-arab-revolutions/2011/05/08/AFo-HWs2G_story.html?utm_term=.40c2266389c5
El-Nawawy, M. y Powers, S. (2009). News influence and the global media sphere: A case study of Al-Jazeera english, in Allan The Routledge Companion to news and journalism. London - New York: Routledge.
Di Ricco, M. (2012). The arab spring is a Latin American winter: TeleSUR’s ‘Ideological Approach’ and the breakaway from the Al-Jazeera network. Global Media Journal, 2 (1).
Dennis, E., Martin J. y Wood, R. (2017). Media use in the middle east 2017: A seven-nation survey. Qatar: Northwestern University.
Cull, N. (2009). Diplomacia pública: consideraciones teóricas. Revista Mexicana de Política Exterior, 85.
Pala, O. y Aras, B. (2015). Practical geopolitical reasoning in the turkish and qatari foreign policy on the Arab Spring. Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 17 (3), 286-302.
Powers, S. y Gilboa (2007). The Public Diplomacy of Al Jazeera. En Seib, P. (ed.), New Media and the New Middle East. US: Palgrave Macmillan US.
Bruce, M. (2014). Framing Arab Spring conflict: A visual analysis of coverage on five transnational arab news channels. Journal of Middle East Media, 10, 1.
Xie, S. y Boyd-Barrett, O. (2015). External-National TV News Networks’ Way to America: Is the United States Losing the Global “Information War”? International Journal of Communication, 9, 66-83.
UNESCO (1980). El informe MacBride: un mundo, muchas voces - Comunicación y sociedad, hoy y mañana. México: FCE.
Roberts, D. (2017). Qatar, the Ikhwan, and transnational relations in the Gulf, in The Qatar Crisis. Pomeps Briefing, 31.
The Economist (2013, 12 de enero). Al Jazeera: Must Do Better. Recuperado de http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21569429-arabs-premier-television-network-bids-americanviewers-must-do-better
Telhami, S. (2011). The 2011 Arab Public Opinion Poll. Maryland University.
Schleifer, A. (2013, 21 de agosto). How Al Jazeera skews its coverage of Egypt. Al Arabiya English. Recuperado de https://english.alarabiya.net/en/views/media/2013/08/21/How-Al-Jazeeraskews- its-coverage-of-Egypt.html Sultan, N. (2013). Al Jazeera: Reflections on the Arab Spring. Journal of Arabian Studies: Arabia, the Gulf, and the Red Sea, 3 (2), 249-264.
Seib, P. (2009) News and Foreign Policy: Defining Influence, Balancing power, in Allan The Routledge Companion to news and journalism. London - New York: Routledge.
Seib, P. (1997). Headline Diplomacy: How News Coverage Affects Foreign Policy. Westport: Praeger.
Samuel-Azran, T. (2013). Al-Jazeera, Qatar, and new tactics in state-sponsored media diplomacy. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(9), 1293-1311.
Salloukh, B. F. (2013). The Arab Uprisings and the Geopolitics of the Middle East. The International Spectator, 48 (2), 32-46.
Salama, V. (2012, 20 de mayo). AlJazeera’s (r)evolution? Jadaliyya. Recuperado de http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/5610/aljazeeras(r)evolution
Robertson, A. (2015). Global News. Reporting Conflicts and Cosmopolitanism. New York: Peter Lang.
Cherkaoui, T. (2014). Al Jazeera’s Changing Editorial Perspectives and the Saudi-Qatari Relationship. The Political Economy of Communication, 2 (1).
Cerami, C. (2013). Rethinking turkey’s soft power in the arab world: Islam, secularism, and democracy. Journal of Levantine Studies, 3 (2), 129-150.
Booth, R. (2010). WikiLeaks cables claim al-Jazeera changed coverage to suit Qatari foreign policy. The Guardian. Recuperado de https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/dec/05/wikileakscables-al-jazeera-qatari-foreign-policy
Ayish, M. (2002). Political communication on Arab world television: Evolving patterns. Political Communication, 19, 137-154.
Aras, B y Yorulmazlar, E. (2016). State, region and order: geopolitics of the Arab Spring. Third World Quarterly, 37 (12).
Antwi-Boateng, O. (2013). The rise of Qatar as a soft power and the challenges. European Scientific Journal, 2 (Special Edition).
Al Qassemi SS (2013,12 de julio). Al Jazeera’s awful week. Foreign Policy. Recuperado de http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/07/11/al_jazeera_egypt_qatar_mu
Al Qassemi, S. (2012b, 2 de agosto). Breaking the Arab News. Foreign Policy. Recuperado de http://foreignpolicy.com/2012/08/02/breaking-thearab-news/
Al Qassemi S. (2012a, 1 de julio). Morsi’s win is Al Jazeera’s loss. Al Monitor. Recuperado de http://www.almonitor.com/pulse/originals/2012/almonitor/morsyswinisal jazeerasloss.html
Al Arabiya English (2013,9 de julio). ‘We aired lies’: Al Jazeera staff quit over ‘misleading’ Egypt coverage. Recuperado de https://english.alarabiya.net/en/media/2013/07/09/Al-Jazeera-employees-in-Egypt-quit-over-editorial-line-.html
Abdelmoula, E. (2015). Al Jazeera and democratization: the rise of the Arab public sphere. London and New York: Routledge.
Al Abdeh, M. (2012, 4 de octubre). The Media War in Syria. Majalla Magazine. Recuperado de http://eng.majalla.com/2012/10/article55234370/themedia-war-in-syria
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